Ventilation Calculator

Simplified ASHRAE 62.1-2019 §6.2.2 — per-zone outdoor air (Vbz / Voz)
Zone Inputs
ASHRAE 62.1 Results
People Component (Rp × P)
CFM
Area Component (Ra × A)
CFM
Vbz — Breathing Zone OA
CFM
Voz — Zone OA Required
CFM (Vbz / Ez)
OA per Person
CFM / person
OA per SF
CFM / ft²
ASHRAE 62.1-2019 Table 6.2.2.1 — Common Rates
Space TypeRp (CFM/person)Ra (CFM/ft²)
Office — Open Plan50.06
Office — Private50.06
Conference Room50.06
Classroom (K–12)100.12
Classroom (College)7.50.06
Lobby / Reception7.50.06
Break Room50.06
Restaurant — Dining7.50.18
Retail Store7.50.12
Gym / Fitness100.18
Hotel Room50.06
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About This Calculator

This ventilation calculator applies the simplified single-zone procedure of ASHRAE 62.1-2019 to find the outdoor air a space requires. Choose a space type to auto-fill the people rate (Rp) and area rate (Ra), enter floor area, occupancy, and the zone air distribution effectiveness (Ez), and the tool returns the breathing-zone outdoor airflow (Vbz) and the zone outdoor airflow required at the supply (Voz).

It also reports outdoor air per person and per square foot so you can benchmark a design against typical values. This single-zone method sizes one zone; combining zones into a system intake uses the multiple-zone procedure and the system ventilation efficiency Ev.

Formula & Method
Breathing zone OAVbz = Rp · Pz + Ra · Az
Zone OA requiredVoz = Vbz ÷ Ez
People componentRp · Pz  (CFM/person × people)
Area componentRa · Az  (CFM/ft² × ft²)

This follows ASHRAE 62.1-2019 §6.2.2. Rp and Ra are taken from Table 6.2.2.1 by space type; Pz is the zone population and Az is the zone floor area. The zone air distribution effectiveness Ez (Table 6.2.2.2) reflects how well supply air reaches the breathing zone — 1.0 for ceiling supply and return in cooling, up to 1.2 for floor displacement, down to 0.8 for less effective arrangements.

Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between Vbz and Voz?
Vbz is the breathing-zone outdoor airflow, the raw ventilation a zone needs, computed as Rp times the number of people plus Ra times the floor area. Voz is the zone outdoor airflow actually required at the supply, equal to Vbz divided by the zone air distribution effectiveness Ez. When Ez is less than 1, Voz is larger than Vbz because the air distribution is less effective at delivering outdoor air to the occupants.
What are Rp and Ra in ASHRAE 62.1?
Rp is the people outdoor air rate in CFM per person, covering contaminants generated by occupants, and Ra is the area outdoor air rate in CFM per square foot, covering off-gassing from the building and furnishings. Both come from ASHRAE 62.1 Table 6.2.2.1 and depend on space type. For an office, Rp is about 5 CFM per person and Ra is about 0.06 CFM per square foot.
What is the zone air distribution effectiveness Ez?
Ez describes how effectively supply air reaches the breathing zone. Ceiling supply with ceiling return in cooling is the baseline at 1.0. Floor supply displacement ventilation can reach 1.2, while ceiling cooling supply with low return or warm ceiling supply in heating may drop to 0.8. A lower Ez means a higher required zone outdoor airflow Voz for the same breathing-zone need.
Does this tool compute the full multi-zone system outdoor air?
No. This calculator applies the simplified single-zone procedure of ASHRAE 62.1 section 6.2.2 to find Vbz and Voz for one zone. The full multiple-zone recirculating system procedure in section 6.2.5, which combines zones, accounts for the critical zone, and derives the system ventilation efficiency Ev to size the air handler intake, is handled in the complete AIM Works workflow.
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Results are design estimates for preliminary sizing. Verify final designs against applicable codes and standards — engineering judgment and a licensed professional engineer’s review are required.